精算专业小知识-石家庄新东方前途出国

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精算专业小知识

2022.06.08 浏览 来源：石家庄前途美国部

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摘要：精算是依据经济学的基本原理，运用现代数学，统计学及金融学的各种科学有效的方法，对各种经活动中未来的风险进行分析，评估和管理，是现代保险、金融和投资实现稳健经营的基础。

精算专业小知识

1.1 专业简介

精算是依据经济学的基本原理，运用现代数学，统计学及金融学的各种科学有效的方法，对各种经活动中未来的风险进行分析，评估和管理，是现代保险、金融和投资实现稳健经营的基础。

Actuarial science 一般隶属数学和统计系下，一些学校根据学习内容的不同或学校自身的优势将其设置在商学院或运筹学院下。

较注重本科教育，硕士有些在继续教育学院，有些是certificate。

1.2 开设院校

School	Level of Actuarial Courses Offered	State/Province
Boston University	Masters	Massachusetts
Columbia University	Masters	New York
George Mason University	Masters	Virginia
Oregon State University	Bachelors, Masters, PhD	Oregon
Temple University	Bachelors, Masters, PhD	Pennsylvania
The Ohio State University	Bachelors, Masters, PhD	Ohio
The University of Iowa	Bachelors, Masters, PhD	Iowa
University of California Santa Barbara (UCSB)	Bachelors, Masters, PhD	California
University of Connecticut	Bachelors, Masters, PhD	Connecticut
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign	Bachelors, Masters, PhD	Illinois
University of Wisconsin - Madison	Bachelors, Masters, PhD	Wisconsin
University of Wisconsin - Milwaukee	Bachelors, Masters, PhD	Wisconsin
Arizona State University	Bachelors, Masters	Arizona
Ball State University	Bachelors, Masters	Indiana
Bowling Green State University	Bachelors, Masters	Ohio
Central Connecticut State	Bachelors, Masters	Connecticut
Depaul University	Bachelors, Masters	Illinois
Florida State University	Bachelors, Masters	Florida
Georgia State University	Bachelors, Masters	Georgia
Illinois State University	Bachelors, Masters	Illinois
Kent State University	Bachelors, Masters	Ohio
Lock Haven University	Bachelors, Masters	Pennsylvania
Maryville University of St. Louis	Bachelors, Masters	Missouri
Middle Tennessee State University	Bachelors, Masters	Tennessee
Minnesota State University - Mankato	Bachelors, Masters	Minnesota
Missouri University of Science and Technology	Bachelors, Masters	Missouri
Murray State University	Bachelors, Masters	Kentucky
Northern Arizona University	Bachelors, Masters	Arizona
Roosevelt University	Bachelors, Masters	Illinois
St. John's University	Bachelors, Masters	New York
Towson University	Bachelors, Masters	Maryland
University of Central Missouri	Bachelors, Masters	Missouri
University of Michigan	Bachelors, Masters	Michigan
University of Missouri - Columbia	Bachelors, Masters	Missouri
University of Nebraska - Lincoln	Bachelors, Masters	Nebraska
University of Nevada - Reno	Bachelors, Masters	Nevada
University of Northern Iowa	Bachelors, Masters	Iowa
University of Texas at Austin	Bachelors, Masters	Texas
University of Texas at Dallas	Bachelors, Masters	Texas
Wharton School - University of Pennsylvania	Bachelors, Masters	Pennsylvania
Youngstown State University	Bachelors, Masters	Ohio

https://www.soa.org/Education/Resources/actuarial-colleges/actuarial-college-listings-details.aspx

2.1专业背景

精算专业对本科专业并无严格限制，但是需要学生掌握一定的基础知识。例如：

哥大：要求have acknowledge of elementary economics, linear algebra, multivariate calculus. 掌握初级经济学，线性代数，多元微积分。

康涅狄格大学: 要求本科毕业于数学，统计，物理，工程，或者数量经济学等方面学生，本科课程至少有学过calculus 三个学期以上， 1-2学期的different equations，以及 linear algebra and mathematical probability or mathematical statistics.

2.2 考试成绩

一般要求GRE ，甚至一些学校要求 GRE sub数学。

2.3 软性背景

实习：保险公司，证券公司，咨询公司等

竞赛：数学建模大赛，慕尼黑再保险杯大学生精算大赛等。

4.1 常见职业方向

精算师的职业生涯被喻为“金领中的金领”。因为在发达国家，精算师既是商业保险界的核心精英，又可在金融投资、咨询等众多领域担任要职。下面举例较常见的

领域	职责
Banking and Financial Services金融服务	help banks and financial services companies with product portfolio, capital management and risk analysis帮助银行和金融服务公司进行产品组合、资本管理和风险分析
Consulting 咨询	advise clients on actuarial financial risks, usually associated with employee benefits and insurance为客户提供精算财务风险方面的咨询，通常与员工福利和保险有关
Enterprise Risk Management企业风险管理	provide tools, techniques and perspective to manage operational risks at an enterprise or corporate level提供工具、技术和视角来管理企业或企业级别的运营风险
Entrepreneurial Actuaries 创业精算师	represents a wide range of opportunities for actuaries who desire to set up and run their own business为那些希望建立和经营自己业务的精算师提供了广泛的机会
Environmental Finance环境金融	apply finance techniques and practices to environmental issues将金融技术和实践应用于环境问题
Health and Retirement Financing健康和退休筹资	offer advice on aspects of social insurance including funding levels and population projections就社会保险的各个方面提供咨询意见，包括筹资水平和人口预测
Investments and Fund Management投资和基金管理	focus on asset risks for asset managers but also contribute in areas such as hedging strategy, derivatives structuring and structured finance关注的是资产管理公司的资产风险，但也在对冲策略、衍生品结构和结构性融资等领域做出了贡献
Pension养老金	certify the contributions needed to fund a pension plan证明养老金计划所需的资金
Predictive Analytics 预测分析	use modeling and data analysis techniques on large data sets to discover predictive patterns and relationships for business use使用大型数据集上的建模和数据分析技术来发现业务使用的预测模式和关系
Pricing定价	determine product features and pricing决定产品的特性和定价
Product Line or Segment Risk Management产品线或部门风险管理	perform risk management functions for a specific line of business for an insurance company为保险公司的特定业务部门执行风险管理职能
Reinsurance再保险	perform traditional actuarial duties for a reinsurer that would accept risk from a direct insurance company为接受直接保险公司风险的再保险公司履行传统的精算职责
Sales and Marketing销售和市场营销	help set policies, messages and compensation levels for those directly involved in marketing帮助直接参与市场营销的人制定政策、信息和薪酬水平
Senior Management高级管理层	provide broad business and management oversight for an organization’s most senior decision makers为组织中最资深的决策者提供广泛的业务和管理监督
Valuation 估值	perform experience studies, cash flow testing and other tasks to set the amount of reserve and capital held by an insurer执行经验研究、现金流测试和其他任务，以确定保险公司所持有的准备金和资本数额
Wealth Management and Financial Planning财富管理和财务规划	contribute skills and expertise to wealth management firms and individuals (rather than to insurance companies) 为财富管理公司和个人(而不是保险公司)提供技能和专业知识